Turkish phonetics

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VOWEL AND CONSONANT PROPERTIES

VOWEL PROPERTIES
UNROUNDED - DÜZ ROUNDED - YUVARLAK
Open - Geniş Close - Dar Open - Geniş Close - Dar
Back - Kalın a ı o u
Front - İnce e i ö ü
CONSONANT PROPERTIES
Voiced - Sert Voiceless - Yumuşak
Fricative - Sürekli f,h,s,ş ğ,j,l,m,n,r,v,y,z
Stops - Süreksiz ç,k,p,t b,c,d,g
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Vowel harmony

  1. BIG VOWEL HARMONY

If there is a front vowel in the first syllable of a Turkish word, there are front vowels in the other syllables. If there is a back vowel in the first syllable, there are back vowels in the other syllables.

First syllable Syllables after the first syllable
Back(a,ı,o,u) Back(a,ı,u)
Front(e,i,ö,ü) Front(e,i,ü)
  1. SMALL VOWEL HARMONY

In Turkish words, each unrounded vowel (a,e,ı,i) is followed by other unrounded vowels (a,e,ı,i). And rounded vowels (o,ö,u,ü) are followed by unrounded open vowels (a,e) or rounded closed vowels (u,ü).

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