Polish Phonology

From UniLang Wiki

The tables below present all phonemes of modern Polish. They are written using IPA. For their representation in written Polish, see Polish Pronunciation and Polish Spelling.

Contents 1 Consonants (pulmonic) 2 Vowels 2.1 Nasal vowels in Polish 3 Other symbols

Consonants (pulmonic)

Bilabial

Labiodental

Dental

Alveolar

Postalveolar

Palatal

Velar

Plosive

p

b

t

d

c

ɟ

k

g

Nasal

m

n

ɲ

ŋ

Trill

r

Fricative

f

v

s

z

ʃ

ʒ

ɕ

ʑ

x

ɣ

Affricate

ʦ

ʣ

ʧ

ʤ

ʨ

ʥ

Approximant

j

Lateral approximant

l

Note 1: Symbols in the left are voiceless; symbols in the right are voiced.
Note 2: Shaded areas represent articulations judged impossible.

Vowels

	Front				Central				Back
Close	i				ɨ					u
Close-mid
Open-mid	ɛ									ɔ
Open						ɑ

Characters in the right cells in each column represent rounded vowels.

Nasal vowels in Polish

It is considered that each Polish vowel may be nasal. For the principles when vowels are pronounced nasally, see: Polish Pronunciation and Polish Spelling.

Other symbols

w Voiced labial-velar approximant

There are two sounds which are described twofold. These sounds are written as: Ł/ ł and J/ j. The first one is considered to be either w or a non-syllabic u (u̯), and the second – as either j or a non-syllabic i (i̯).

Languages >> Slavic languages >> Polish >> Polish Phonology