Greek grammar: Adjectives

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The beginner learner might want to know that the vast majority of Greek adjectives fall in the "-ος, -η, -ο" category. The other categories are considerably less often found.

In adjectives, the stress never changes position.

Contents

-ος, -η, -ο

SingularPlural
MFNMFN
Nom. -ος-ο -οι-ες
Gen. -ου-ης-ου -ων-ων-ων
Acc. -ο-ο -ους-ες

When the root of the adjective ends in -ι-, in the feminine -η(ς) is replaced by -α(ς) in the singular.

There are also a few adjectives that replace in the feminine the -η(ς) by -ια(ς).


-υς, -ια, -υ and -ης, -ια, -η

SingularPlural
MFNMFN
Nom. -υς-ια -ιοι-ιες-ια
Gen. -ιου-ιας-ιου -ιων-ιων-ιων
Acc. -ια -ιους-ιες-ια

There are also some that have -η(ς) in the masculine and neuter. The declension is the same:

SingularPlural
MFNMFN
Nom. -ης-ια -ιοι-ιες-ια
Gen. -ιου-ιας-ιου -ιων-ιων-ιων
Acc. -ια -ιους-ιες-ια


-ης, -ες

SingularPlural
M/FNM/FN
Nom. -ης-ες -εις
Gen. -ους-ους -ων-ων
Acc. -ες -εις


-ων, -ουσα, -ον

SingularPlural
MFNMFN
Nom. -ων-ουσα-ον -οντες-ουσες-οντα
Gen. -οντος-ουσας-οντος -οντων-ουσων-οντων
Acc. -οντα-ουσα-ον -οντε-ουσες-οντα


-ων, -ον

SingularPlural
M/FNM/FN
Nom. -ων-ον -ονες-ονα
Gen. -ονος-ονος -ονων-ονων
Acc. -ονα-ον -ονες-ονα


-ης, -α, -ικο

SingularPlural
MFNMFN
Nom. -ης-ικο -ηδες-ες-ικα
Gen. -ας-ικου -ηδων-ων (?)-ικων
Acc. -ικο -ηδες-ες-ικα


The irregular adjective πολύς

SingularPlural
MFNMFN
Nom. πολύςπολλήπολύ πολλοίπολλέςπολλά
Gen. πολλούπολλήςπολλού πολλώνπολλώνπολλών
Acc. πολύπολλήπολύ πολλούςπολλέςπολλά


The Vocative

The declensions above only show the Nominative, Genitive and Accusative. There is a fourth case in Modern Greek, the Vocative.

It is not shown because it is equal to the accusative in all cases except masculine adjectives ending in -ος. In this declension, the vocative singular is made with the ending -ε insted of -ο. In the plural it is equal to the accusative.



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