Danish Vocabulary
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Contents |
Greetings and Basic Phrases
- Hej - Hello, Hi
- Dav(s) - Hello, Hi
- Goddag - Good day, Hello
- Godmorgen - Good morning
- God eftermiddag - Good afternoon
- Godaften - Good evening
- Godnat - Good night
- Velkommen (til...) - Welcome (to...)
- Hej - Goodbye
- Hej hej - Bye-bye
- Farvel - Goodbye
- Tak - Thank you
- Tak skal du have - Thank you very much
- Mange tak - Thank you very much
- Tusind tak - Thank you very much
- Jeg beder - pronounced be'r; You're welcome
- Selv tak - No worries/Don't mention it
- Undskyld mig - Excuse me
- Værsgo - Here you are; also: Come to the table
- Velbekomme - May the meal please you (definitely a cultural thing!)
- Tak for mad - Thanks for the meal
- Herre/Hr. - Mr.
- Frue/Fru - Mrs.
- Frøken/Frk. - Miss
- Fr. - Ms.
- Hvordan har du det? - How are you?
- Hvordan har ... det? - How is ... ?
- Hvordan går det (med dig/han/etc.)? - How are you/is he/etc.?
- Hvad hedder du? - What's your name?
- Hvor kommer du fra? - Where are you from?
- Hvad er klokken? - What time is it?
- Hvad skulle det være? - Can I help you? (in a shop)
Numerals
Simple
Simple list without ordinal numbers and alternative spellings.
- 1: en
- 2: to
- 3: tre
- 4: fire
- 5: fem
- 6: seks
- 7: syv
- 8: otte
- 9: ni
- 10: ti
- 11: elleve
- 12: tolv
- 13: tretten
- 14: fjorten
- 15: femten
- 16: seksten
- 17: sytten
- 18: atten
- 19: nitten
- 20: tyve
- 21: enogtyve
- 22: toogtyve
- 23: treogtyve
- 24: fireogtyve
- 25: femogtyve
- 30: tredive
- 40: fyrre
- 50: halvtreds
- 60: tres
- 70: halvfjerds
- 80: firs
- 90: halvfems
- 100: ethundrede
- 101: ethundredeén
- 110: ethundredeti
- 1,000: ettusinde
- 10,000: titusinde
- 100,000: ethundredetusinde
- 1,000,000: en million
- 5,000,000: fem millioner
Advanced
Advanced list with ordinal numbers and alternative spellings.
The neuter form of 'en' is 'et'.
Numerals between 21 and 99 are formed like 'enogtyve' - 'oneandtwenty'.
The numerals 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 and 90 are most commonly spelled without '-indstyve'.
The ordinal numbers 40th, 50th, 60th, 70th, 80th and 90th are spelled both with and without '-indstyvende', it depends on the person using it.
'Et' before 'hundrede' and 'tusinde' is optional.
Numerals and ordinal numbers are seperated by hyphen, and alternative spellings by slash.
- 1: en - første
- 2: to - anden
- 3: tre - tredje
- 4: fire - fjerde
- 5: fem - femte
- 6: seks - sjette
- 7: syv - syvende
- 8: otte - ottende
- 9: ni - niende
- 10: ti - tiende
- 11: elleve/elve - ellevte/elvte
- 12: tolv - tolvte
- 13: tretten - trettende
- 14: fjorten - fjortende
- 15: femten - femtende
- 16: seksten - sekstende
- 17: sytten - syttende
- 18: atten - attende
- 19: nitten - nittende
- 20: tyve - tyvende
- 21: enogtyve - enogtyvende
- 22: toogtyve - toogtyvende
- 23: treogtyve - treogtyvende
- 24: fireogtyve - fireogtyvende
- 25: femogtyve - femogtyvende
- 30: tredive/tredve - tredivte/tredvte
- 40: fyrre/fyrretyve - fyrrende/fyrretyvende
- 50: halvtreds/halvtredsindstyve - halvtredsende/halvtredsindstyvende
- 60: tres/tresindstyve - tressende/tresindstyvende
- 70: halvfjerds/halvfjerdsindstyve - halvfjerdsende/halvfjerdsindstyvende
- 80: firs/firsindstyve - firsende/firsindstyvende
- 90: halvfems/halvfemsindstyve - halvfemsende/halvfemsindstyvende
- 100: ethundrede/ethundred - nummer ethundrede/nummer ethundred
- 101: ethundrede(og)én/ethundred(og)én - nummer ethundrede(og)én/nummer ethundred(og)én
- 110: ethundrede(og)ti/ethundred(og)ti - nummer ethundrede(og)ti/nummer ethundred(og)ti
- 1,000: ettusinde/ettusind -nummer ettusinde/nummer ettusind
- 10,000: titusinde/titusind - nummer titusinde/nummer titusind
- 100,000: ethundredetusinde/ethundredtusind - nummer ethundredetusinde/nummer ethundredtusind
- 1,000,000: en million - en millionte
- 5,000,000: fem millioner - fem millionte
Expressing Time
Expressing time in Danish is not very difficult once you recognize the pattern. We'll start with the basics.
- klokken... = ... o'clock
- klokken et = 1 o'clock
- klokken syv = 7 o'clock
- Klokken er... = It is ... o'clock.
- Klokken er et. = It is 1 o'clock.
- Klokken er syv. = It is 7 o'clock.
Whereas English uses a very simple system with 1 reference point, that of the main hour (ex. seven-thirty/half past seven, one-forty-five/quarter to 2), Danish uses two reference points: the main hour and the half hour. Such as:
- klokken et (one o'clock)
- halv to (half past one) [Note that it is NOT halv over et NOR halv i to]
However, the terminology used when using these two reference points are split by the quarter-hour. Therefore:
- If the time is between the main hour and the first quarter, then we have:
- fem minutter over et = 1:05
- ti minutter over et = 1:10
- (Do not leave out the word minutter)
- kvart over et = 1:15
- If the time is between the first quarter and the half hour, then we have:
- ti minutter i halv to = 1:20
- fem minutter i halv to = 1:25
- If the time is between the half hour and the third quarter, then we have:
- fem minutter over halv to = 1:35
- ti minutter over halv to = 1:40
- If the time is between the third quarter and the next full hour, then we have:
- kvart i to = 1:45
- ti minutter i to = 1:50
- fem minutter i to = 1:55
Days of the Week
Ugens dage (Days of the week) |
|
| mandag | Monday |
| tirsdag | Tuesday |
| onsdag | Wednesday |
| torsdag | Thursday |
| fredag | Friday |
| lørdag | Sunday |
| søndag | Sunday |
Note that the days of the week are not capitalized in Danish.
Months
Måneder (Months) |
|
| januar | January |
| februar | February |
| marts | March |
| april | April |
| maj | May |
| juni | June |
| juli | July | august | August |
| september | September |
| oktober | October |
| november | November |
| december | December |
Note that months too are not capitalized in Danish.
Seasons
Årstider (Seasons) |
|
| forår | spring |
| sommer | summer |
| efterår | fall/autumn |
| vinter | winter |
