Dalecarlian weakly conjugated adjectives

From UniLang Wiki

Type A1 - Long Stemmed Regular Adjectives

We'll choose sjóki ('the sick') as conjugation pattern:

Sing Masc Fem Neut
Nom sjóki sjóka sjóka
Acc sjóka sjóku sjóka
Dat sjóka sjóku sjóka
Plur
Nom sjóka sjóku sjóku
Acc sjóka sjóku sjóku
Dat sjókum sjókum sjókum


Type A2 - Short Stemmed Regular Adjectives

We'll choose tveri ('steep') as conjugation pattern:

Sing Masc Fem Neut
Nom tveri tverå tverå
Acc tverå tveru tverå
Dat tverå tveru tverå
Plur
Nom tveri tveru tveru
Acc tveri tveru tveru
Dat tverum tverum tverum

Type B - Irregular Adjectives

We'll choose sprukkni ('the cracked') as conjugation pattern:

Sing Masc Fem Neut
Nom sprukkni sprukkna sprukkna
Acc sprukkna sprukknu sprukkna
Dat sprukkna sprukknu sprukkna
Plur
Nom sprukkna sprukknu sprukknu
Acc sprukkna sprukknu sprukknu
Dat sprukknum sprukknum sprukknum

Adjectives are weakly conjugated when the noun is definite:

han-þar gambli kalln, ('the old man')
hoñ-þar digra kullañ, ('the fat girl')
heð-þar stúra húsið, ('the big house')
ýr þeim-þar káldum keldumiñ, ('from the cold wells')

Note here that the ending in never pronunced in these combined situations (even plural the dative -um is silent). Instead, the ending is only indicated by the bisyllabic accent: gambli [gAm`bEl\], digra [dI`GEr], stúra [`stu:r]; káldum [`kolld].
In practical situations, it is more convenient to attach the adjective to the noun:

gamblkalln, ('the old man') (gamptkalln works as well)
digrkullañ, ('the fat girl')
stúrhúsið, ('the big house')
ýr káldkeldumiñ, ('from the cold wells')

When writing the adjective independently (i.e., not combined with a noun), one attaches the definite article to the end of the weakly conjugated adjective as if it were a noun:

Sing Masc Fem Neut
Nom sjókin sjókañ sjókað
Acc sjókan sjókuña sjókað
Dat sjókañum sjókuni sjókañu
Plur
Nom sjókañer sjókuñer sjókuñ
Acc sjókaña sjókuñer sjókuñ
Dat sjókum sjókum sjókum

Adjectives with a multisyllabic stem work like this:

Sing Masc Fem Neut
Nom gamblin [gAmb`El\n`] gamblañ gamblað
Acc gamblan gambluña gamblað
Dat gamblañum gambluni gamblañu
Plur
Nom gamblañer gambluñer gambluñ
Acc gamblaña gambluñer gambluñ
Dat gamblum gamblum gamblum

Examples of sentences when there is no noun following the weakly conjugated adjective:

gamblin sit þar, ('the old one sits there [about, e.g., a kall]')
digrañ, ('the fat one died [about, e.g., a kulla]')
stúrað brið nið, ('the big one burns down [about, e.g., a hús]')
heð kumb intið ýr káldumiñ, ('nothing comes out of the cold ones [about, e.g., keldur]')





Personal tools