Dalecarlian strongly conjugated feminine nouns

From UniLang Wiki

Contents

Generic Declension Pattern

The strong feminine nouns generically follow the following declension pattern:

Indef Sing Def Sing Indef Plur Def Plur
Nom stem + | stem + | + stem + er stem + a + ñer
Ack stem + | stem + | + iña stem + er stem + a + ñer
Dat stem + | stem + | + ini stem + um stem + um+
Gen stem + | + is stem + | + ini+s stem + um + is stem + um + i + s

Type A - Generic Pattern

'bed' Indef Sing Def Sing Indef Plur Def Plur
Nom seng seng senger sengañer
Ack seng sengiña senger sengañer
Dat seng sengini sengum sengum
Gen sengis senginis sengumis sengumis

Examples of nouns declined like seng:

  • búð [bu:D] ('shed, shop'),
  • ság ('saw'),
  • hjáp ('help'),
  • vegg ('wall'),
  • kelling ('wife'),
  • bjørk ('birch tree'),
  • mják ('milk'),
  • tang ('tongs'),
  • tág ('stamina').

Type B - Apocopated Generic Pattern

'hollow' Indef Sing Def Sing Indef Plur Def Plur
Nom lǽgð lǽgð lǽgðer lǽgðañer
Ack lǽgð lǽgðiña lǽgðer lǽgðañer
Dat lǽgð lǽgðni lǽgðum lǽgðum
Gen lǽgðis lǽgðnis lǽgðumis lǽgðumis

(Note: The stem lǽgð- is pronunced [l\{:gd])



Examples of nouns declined like lǽgð:

  • ferð ('journey, track'),
  • kvenn ('mill'),
  • kvítl ('small river branch'),
  • fljót ('bog'),
  • beit ('bait'),
  • bibl ('bible'),
  • fjaðr ('feather'),
  • áldr ('alder tree'),
  • sokn ('parish').

Type C - Deviated Indefinite Nom/Ack Plural Ending Pattern

'pit, cavity' Indef Sing Def Sing Indef Plur Def Plur
Nom graf graf græfær græfañer
Ack graf grafiña græfær græfañer
Dat graf grafini grafum grafum
Gen grafis grafinis grafumis grafumis

Examples of nouns declined like graf:

  • saf ('sap'),
  • rað ('row').

Type D - Apocopated Deviated Indefinite Nom/Ack Plural Ending Pattern

'bread plate' Indef Sing Def Sing Indef Plur Def Plur
Nom fjøl fjøl fjøler fjølañer
Ack fjøl fjøliña fjøler fjølañer
Dat fjøl fjølni fjølum fjølum
Gen fjølis fjølnis fjølumis fjølumis

Examples of nouns declined like fjøl:

  • grán ('spruce tree'),
  • tjør ('tar'),
  • fór ('furrow').

Type E - Vowel Stem Ending

'stream' Indef Sing Def Sing Indef Plur Def Plur
Nom á ániñ áer áañer
Ack á ániña áer áañer
Dat á áni áum áum
Gen ás ánis áumis áumis

Examples of nouns declined like á:

  • ('corner'),
  • brú [bru:] ('bridge'),
  • frú [fru:] ('wife'),
  • skrá ('sheet metal'),
  • ay ('island').

Type F - Vowel Stem Ending; Deviated Plural Endings

'claw' Indef Sing Def Sing Indef Plur Def Plur
Nom kló klóniñ klǿner klǿnañer
Ack kló klóniña klǿner klǿnañer
Dat kló klóni [kl\UO:´nne] klǿm [kl\y9:mm] klǿm [kl\y9:´mme]
Gen klós klónis [kl\UO:´nnes] klǿmis [kl\y9:´mmes] klǿmis [kl\y9:´mmes]

(Note: There is an i-umlaut of the stem vowel here: ó > ǿ, i.e. "long o" > "long ø". This has nothing to do with the classification used here, though.)

Examples of nouns declined like kló:

  • ('tow').

(Note: Even though kýr [tSy:r] ('cow') does not end with a vowel, it declines like kló, etc.)

Type G - Miscellaneous

'daughter' Indef Sing Def Sing Indef Plur Def Plur
Nom dóttir dóttir dǿtrr dǿtrañer
Ack dóttir dóttir dǿtrr dǿtrañer
Dat dóttir dóttir dǿtrum dǿtrum
Gen dóttiris dóttiris dǿtrumis dǿtrumis

(Note: There is an i-umlaut of the stem vowel here: ó > ǿ, i.e. "long o" > "long ø". This has nothing to do with the classification used here, though.)

Examples of nouns declined like dóttir:

  • systir ('sister'),
  • móðir ('mother').





Personal tools