Catalan prepositions
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Some general rules
A, de, and per can be merged with the masculine definite articles: el and els:
- a + el = al
- a + els = als
- de + el = del
- de + els = dels
- per + el = pel
- per + els = pels
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Prepositions
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a
- location: sóc a l'escola - I'm at school
- direction, motion towards somewhere - He anat al cementiri amb ma germana - I went to the graveyard with my sister.
- indirect object: vaig vendre les meves calces a un pervertit - I sold my knickers to a pervert.
- used with some verbs that require it: contribuir a" contribute to
- used to link verbs, as "to" in English: aprendré a nedar quan els porcs volin - I'll learn to swim when pigs fly.
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abans de
- before: vaig ser capellà abans de convertir-me al satanisme - I was a priest before converting to Satanism.
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a despit de
- in spite of: Aznar mai no s'ha afaitat el bigoti a despit del fet que a ningú li agrada - Aznar has never shaved his moustache in spite of the fact nobody likes it.
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al costat
- next to veuràs un home disfressat de peix al costat del museu - you'll see a man dressed up in a fish costume next to the museum
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al voltant
- around: al voltant de la ciutat hi ha tot de fàbriques - there's plenty of factories around the city
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amb
- it translates as English "with" and it's basically the same: t'he vist amb un altre home! - I saw you with another man!
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arran de
- out of, concerning, with the motive of s'han fet manifestacions arran del 75è aniversari de la Segona República Espanyola - there have been demonstrations with the motive of the 75th anniversary of the Second Spanish Republic
- (rare) next to els Vilabrega tenen una masia arran de mar - the Vilabregas have a country house next to the sea
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cap a
- towards: cap al Batmòbil! - to the Batmobile!
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contra
- against: el PP està en contra meva perquè sóc homosexual - the Popular Party is against me because I'm a homosexual
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darrera / darrere
- behind: els amants es varen amagar darrera els matolls - the lovers hid behind the bushes.
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davant
- in front of: la Montserrat viu davant d'una botiga de cactus - Montserrat lives in front of a cactus shop.
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de
- noun complement: nina de drap - rag doll, aneguet de goma - rubber ducky, noies de classe alta - upper class girls
- possession: la perruca de l'Andy Warhol - Andy Warhol's wig
- partitive: una mica de cocaïna - a little cocaine
- used with some verbs that require it: m'he oblidat de comprar pasta de dents - I forgot to buy toothpaste.
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d'ençà
- (very formal or literary) since - D'ençà del seu naixement, el govern no ha fet més que enganyar-nos - Since its birth, the government has done nothing but deceiving us.
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des de
- from: he vingut a peu des de la botiga - I've come by foot from the shop
- since des de la caiguda de l'Imperi Romà hi ha hagut una davallada en el nombre de casaments entre germans - since the fall of the Roman Empire there has been a drop in the number of marriages between siblings
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després de
- after: després de la tempesta sempre arriba la calma - There's always a calm after the storm.
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devers
- (not very used) about, more or less, around: A Nova Guinea es parlen devers mil llengües - Around 1000 languages are spoken in New Guinea.
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durant
- during, for: va estar cantant cançons de Mary Poppins durant el sopar - he sung Mary Poppins songs during all dinner.
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en
- location, when placed before demonstrative adjectives, indefinite articles and algun: en aquest poble només hi viuen vells" - only old people live in this town
- used before infinitives: va immigrar a França en esclatar la guerra he/she immigrated to France when the war broke out.
- used with some verbs that require it: vam pensar en anar-nos-en sense pagar - we thought about leaving without paying (note that the second "en" is not a preposition)
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enfront de
- in front of: Visc enfront del consulat afganès - I live in front of the Afghan consulate.
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en lloc de
- instead of: podries fer alguna cosa útil en lloc de passar-te el dia veient la tele - you could do something useful instead of vegging out all day in front of the TV
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enmig de
- amidst, in the middle of, between: hi ha un porc nedant enmig del llac - there's a pig swimming in the middle of the lake
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entorn de
- around: hi ha molta polèmica entorn de l'Estatut d'Autonomia... - there's a lot of controversy around the Statute of Autonomy
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entre
- between, among: tenim molts turistes alemanys entre abril i setembre - we get lots of German tourists from April to September
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envers
- towards, but in specific cases: violència envers els animals violence towards animals.
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fins a
- to, until, up to: la Inquisició no va desaparèixer fins al segle XIX - the Inquisition didn't disappear until the 19th century
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llevat de
- except, besides: 'no veig mai res a la televisió llevat dels debats polítics - I never watch anything on TV besides the political debates.
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malgrat
- in spite of malgrat que sóc tímid puc ser molt xarraire - I can be very talkative despite being shy
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mitjançant
- using, through, with the help of M'he pogut comprar l'apartament mitjançant un prèstec - I could buy my flat through a loan
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per
- reason, motive, cause, agent m'han acomiadat per haver trencar un plat - I've been fired for breaking a dish.
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per a
- destination: aquesta màscara xinesa és per a tu - this Chinese mask is for you
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quant a
- as for: quant al càstig que et mereixes, ho decidirem aviat - as for the punishment you deserve, we'll decide soon
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segons
- according to: segons la BBC, un meteorit destruirà Andorra - according to the BBC, a meteorite is going to destroy Andorra
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sense / sens
- without: si no envies aquest correu a quinze persones, et despertaràs sense mans ni peus - if you don't send this e-mail to 15 people you'll wake up without hands or feet
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sobre
- about: una pel·lícula sobre el comte Dràcula i les seves verges assassines - a film about Count Dracula and his killer virgins
- above, on: he deixat els diners sobre la tauleta de nit - I left the money on the bedtable
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sota
- below, under: sota la sorra hi ha un cuc de color rosa - there's a pink worm under the sand.
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tret de
- besides, except: tret de tu i jo, no hi queda cap humà, a la Terra - besides you and I, there's no other human being on Earth
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