Basic Grammar

Basic Grammar

 --Basic Sentence Structure--

1.1 Omission of Personal Pronouns

   E.g. Yulindi hwareum. 
        I see a/the cat.

2.1 Adjective indicative

   E.g. Yulindi ieum iridum hwareum.
        I see a/the black cat.

3.1 Adverbial indicative

   E.g. Minhal ieul eunam.
        I ran quickly.

4.1 Three Conjugational Classes (the Keumshariul, singular Keumsha)

   Conjugational Class 1 / Keumsha Areum

             ~Singular~

             1st person  -  -areum
Present      2nd person  -  -areul
             3rd person  -  -areu

             1st person  -  -am
Past         2nd person  -  -al
             3rd person  -  -a

             1st person  -  -aeum
Future       2nd person  -  -aeul
             3rd person  -  -aeu

             ~Plural~

             1st person  -  -atareum
Present      2nd person  -  -atareul
             3rd person  -  -atareu

             1st person  -  -ataram
Past         2nd person  -  -ataral
             3rd person  -  -atara

             1st person  -  -ataraeum
Future       2nd person  -  -ataraeul
             3rd person  -  -ataraeu

   Conjugational Class 2 / Keumsha Ireum

             ~Singular~

             1st person  -  -ireum
Present      2nd person  -  -ireul
             3rd person  -  -ireu
             
             1st person  -  -im
Past         2nd person  -  -il
             3rd person  -  -i

             1st person  -  -ieum
Future       2nd person  -  -ieul
             3rd person  -  -ieu

             ~Plural~

             1st person  -  -itireum
Present      2nd person  -  -itireul
             3rd person  -  -itireu
 
             1st person  -  -itirim
Past         2nd person  -  -itiril
             3rd person  -  -itiri

             1st person  -  -itirieum
Future       2nd person  -  -itirieul
             3rd person  -  -itirieu

   Conjugational Class 3 / Keumsha Oreum

             ~Singular~

             1st person  -  -oreum
Present      2nd person  -  -oreul
             3rd person  -  -oreu
             
             1st person  -  -om
Past         2nd person  -  -ol
             3rd person  -  -o

             1st person  -  -oeum
Future       2nd person  -  -oeul
             3rd person  -  -oeu

             ~Plural~

             1st person  -  -otoreum
Present      2nd person  -  -otoreul
             3rd person  -  -otoreu
 
             1st person  -  -otorom
Past         2nd person  -  -otorol
             3rd person  -  -otoro

             1st person  -  -otoroeum
Future       2nd person  -  -otoroeul
             3rd person  -  -otoroeu
              
             

5.1 Two Declensional Classes (the Keumhwariul, singular Keumhwa)

   Declensional Class 1 / Keumhwa An

               nom.  -  -an
Singular       acc.  -  -anda
               gen.  -  -anta
               dat.  -  -ansha
             
               nom.  -  -anir
Plural         acc.  -  -anirda
               gen.  -  -anirta
               dat.  -  -anirsha

   Declensional Class 2 / Keumhwa In

               nom.  -  -in
Singular       acc.  -  -indi
               gen.  -  -inti
               dat.  -  -inshi

               nom.  -  -inyar
Plural         acc.  -  -inyarda
               gen.  -  -inyarta
               dat.  -  -inyarsha