SAMPA
From UniLang Wiki
SAMPA stands for Speech Assessment Methods Phonetic Alphabet.
SAMPA is a way to represent IPA designations using only ASCII characters. The original version does not cover the full IPA chart. Extensions have been designed, such as X-SAMPA, which is described in this page.
For the sake of comparison, we show in the charts below the SAMPA signs followed by the IPA signs in the next line.
Contents |
Consonants
| Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | ||||||||||||
| Plosive | p p |
b b |
t t |
d d |
t` ʈ |
d` ɖ |
c c |
J\ ɟ |
k k |
g g |
q q |
G\ ɢ |
? ʔ |
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| Nasal | m m |
F ɱ |
n n |
n` ɳ |
J ɲ |
N ŋ |
N\ ɴ |
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| Trill | B\ ʙ |
r r |
R\ ʀ |
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| Tap or Flap | 4 ɾ |
r` ɽ |
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| Fricative | p\ ɸ |
B β |
f f |
v v |
T θ |
D ð |
s s |
z z |
S ʃ |
Z ʒ |
s` ʂ |
[[IPA: �?|z`]] [[IPA: �?|�?]] |
C ç |
[[IPA: �?|j\]] [[IPA: �?|�?]] |
x x |
G ɣ |
X χ |
[[IPA: �?|R]] [[IPA: �?|�?]] |
X\ ħ |
?\ ʕ |
h h |
h\ ɦ |
| Lateral fricative | K ɬ |
K\ ɮ |
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| Approximant | v\ ʋ |
r\ ɹ |
r\` ɻ |
j j |
M\ ɰ |
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| Lateral approximant | l l |
l` ɭ |
L ʎ |
L\ ʟ |
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- Note 1: Symbols in the left are voiceless; symbols in the right are voiced.
- Note 2: Shaded areas represent articulations judged impossible.
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | ||||||||
| Close | i i |
y y |
1 ɨ |
} ʉ |
M ɯ |
u u |
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| I ɪ |
[[IPA: �?|Y]] [[IPA: �?|�?]] |
U ʊ |
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| Close-mid | e e |
2 ø |
@\ ɘ |
8 ɵ |
7 ɤ |
o o |
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| @ ə |
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| Open-mid | E ɛ |
9 œ |
3 ɜ |
3\ ɞ |
V ʌ |
O ɔ |
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| { æ |
[[IPA: �?|6]] [[IPA: �?|�?]] |
|||||||||
| Open | a a |
& ɶ |
A ɑ |
Q ɒ |
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- Note: When two signs appear in pairs, the right one represents a rounded vowel.
Consonants (non-pulmonic)
Clicks
- O\ (IPA ʘ) - Bilabial
- |\ (IPA ǀ) - Dental
- !\ (IPA ǃ) - (Post)alveolar
- =\ (IPA ǂ) - Palatoalveolar
- [[IPA: �?||\|\]] (IPA [[IPA: �?|�?]]) - Lateral
Voiced implosives
Indicated with _< after the symbol, as in
- b_< (IPA ɓ) - Bilabial
- d_< (IPA ɗ) - Dental/alveolar
- J\_< (IPA ʄ) - Palatal
- g_< (IPA ɠ) - Velar
- G\_< (IPA ʛ) - Uvular
Ejectives
Indicated with _> (IPA ʼ) after the letter, as in
- p_> (IPA pʼ) - Bilabial
- t_> (IPA tʼ) - Dental/alveolar
- k_> (IPA kʼ) - Velar
- s_> (IPA sʼ) - Alveolar fricative
Other symbols
- [[IPA: �?|W]] (IPA [[IPA: �?|�?]]) - Voiceless labial-velar fricative
- w (IPA w) - Voiced labial-velar approximant
- H (IPA ɥ) - Voiced labial-palatal approximant
- H\ (IPA ʜ) - Voiceless epiglottal fricative
- <\ (IPA ʢ) - Voiced epiglottal fricative
- >\ (IPA ʡ) - Epiglottal plosive
- s\ (IPA ɕ) z\ (IPA ʑ) - Alveolo-palatal fricatives, voiceless e voiced respectively
- l\ (IPA ɺ) - Alveolar lateral flap
- x\ (IPA ɧ) - Simultaneous S (IPA ʃ) and x
- Aspiration is marked by _h in SAMPA.
Main Page >> General resources >> SAMPA
