Rhine Franconian verbs

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The conjugation of regular verbs is slightly simpler than in High German, as the example of mache (machen = to make) and fråe (fragen = to ask) shows.
The final T in the 2nd person singular is often dropped, but the preceding consonant is still [ʃ] (like English SH or German SCH), not [s].

<tr> <th align="right">2 sg:</th> <td>machst</th> <td>fråst</th> </tr> <tr> <th align="right">3 sg:</th> <td>machd</th> <td>fråd</th> </tr> <tr> <th align="right">plural:</th> <td>mache</th> <td>fråe</th> </tr> <tr> <th align="right">participle:</th> <td>gemachd</th> <td>gefråd</th> </tr> </table> The most important auxiliaries are sin (sein = to be), han (haben = to have) and gën (geben = to give). Their past participles are "gevên" (gewesen = been), "gehad" (gehabt = had) and "gëv" (gegeben = given) respectively.
The first person singular of sin can be "ich bin" instead of "ich sin" in less pure variants of the dialects (closer to High German).
1 sg: mach</th> 
 <td>frå</th>
  present past conjunctive
1 sg sin vâr vär
2 sg bist vârst värst
3 sg is vâr vär
plural sin vâre väre
present past conjunctive
han hod hëd
hast hodst hëdst
had hod hëd
han hode hëde
present conjunctive
gën gäb(d)
gëbst gäbst
gëbd gäb(d)
gën gäbde

Tenses are very simple, as in colloquial High German. The future is expressed using the present tense, and the past is expressed using the present perfect, i.e. a form of han or (for some verbs) sin conjugated in present tense followed by a past participle. The actual past tense (preterit) is only used for auxiliaries.
The conditional is formed with the conjunctive form of gën or, in less pure variants (closer to High German), vëre (werden = to become) followed by the infinitive. Some verbs use the conjunctive for that.
The passive uses the auxiliary gën.

Finally, let me give you some irregular verbs:

  • dirfe (dürfen = to be allowed to)
    • ich dërf, dû dërfst, es dërf, ma dërfe; ich han gedurfd
    • past: ich durfd, dû durfdest, es durfd, ma durfde
    • conjunctive: ich dirfd, dû dirfdest, es dirfd, ma dirfde
  • gên (gehen = to go)
  • ich gê(n), dû gêst, es gêd, ma gên; ich sin gang
  • këne (kennen = to know)
    • ich kën, dû kënst, es kënd, ma këne; ich han gekand
  • këne (können = to be able to)
    • ich kan, dû kanst, es kan, ma këne; ich han gekond
    • past: ich kond, dû kon(d)st, es kond, ma konde
    • conjunctive: ich kënd, dû kënst, es kënd, ma kënde
  • mise (müssen = to have to)
    • ich mus, dû must, es mus, ma mise; ich han gemusd
    • past: ich musd, dû mustest, es musd, ma musde
    • conjunctive: ich misd, dû mistest, es misd, ma misde
  • guge (schauen = to look)
    • ich gug, dû gugst, es gugd, ma guge; ich han gegugd
  • sîn (sehen = to see)
    • ich sîn, dû sîst, es sîd, ma sîn; ich han gesîn
  • vëre (werden = to become)
    • ich vëre, dû vërst, es vërd, ma vëre; ich sin gevor(d)
    • conjunctive: ich vird, dû virdst, es vird, ma virde
  • vise (wissen = to know)
    • ich väs, dû väst, es väs, ma vise; ich han gevusd
    • past (sometimes used): ich vusd, dû vustest, es vusd, ma vusde
    • conjunctive: ich visd, dû vistest, es vist, ma viste
  1. Introduction
  2. Pronunciation
  3. Pronouns
  4. Genitive Case
  5. Articles
  6. People's Names
  7. Verbs
  8. Vocabulary
  9. Expressions


>> languages >> German >> German issues >> German dialects >> Rhine Franconian

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