Bohisch
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Bohisch
Bohisch is a conlang created by Tiberius and has been in construction around 1 and a half years. It began as a Romance language based around German roots but soon evolved in its own right. Bohisch is pronounced "bo-eesh".
Phonology/Orthography
- Vowels: a, á, ä, e, é, i, î, o, ó, u, ú, ü
- Consonants: b, c, d, f, g, h, l, m, n, ñ, p, q, r, s, ß, t, v, x, z
- Dipthongs: sch, tsch, tz, nh, lh, tg, lt
- Pronunciation:
- accent - stress
- umlaut a - e in Spanish
- sch, tsch - sh in English "ship"
- tz - t
- ñ - ng in English "thing"
- ß - ss in English "pass"
- tg - th in English "theatre"
- lt - t in English "tea"
- qu - c in English "car"
- gu - g in English "give"
- x - zh in Russian "zhukov"
- z - s in English "sail"
- h, g - silent
- s - sh in English "ship" but only when it is marking plural nouns
- nh - ny in Spanish "año"
- lh - ly in Portuguese.
- +h - +y in all cases where an "h" is after a consonant, the consonant gains a "yuh" sound like in English "yuck"
- n, m - At the end of a word or in front of a consonant, "n"s and "m"s become nasalized.
- r - "r" is pronounced many different ways
- peschor - peshwa - "wa" at the end of a word, after an "o" or "u"
- cervix - sevizh - silent after a vowel other than "o" or "u"
- coarf - cwarrf - rolled after an "oa"
- cearf - searrf - rolled after an "ea"
- crez - kres - as in Spanish "r" after a consonant
- tgener - thene - silent when in a verb infinitive
- d, t - At the end of a word the "d" and "t" are sometimes not pronounced. This goes by the word but the most common are:
- tod - to - all
- cat - ca - cat
- d, t - At the end of a word the "d" and "t" are sometimes not pronounced. This goes by the word but the most common are:
- eu - u in English "yule"
- Examples
- "I just watched Fantastic Planet and it is an amazing movie"
- "Zol speschai Flanad Fantastisch et isch an pricil marvilhos"
- "zol shpeshai flanat fantastish e ish an prisil mavilyos"
Syntax and Stress
Bohisch is an SOV language which puts stress on the pentultimate syllable when not already stressed.
Subject Pronouns
- English - Bohisch (Pronunciation)
- I - eu (yu)
- You (inf) - Tu (tu)
- He - il (il)
- She - ilha (ilya)
- It - quest, quel (kes, kel)
- We - nou (nu)
- You (frm) - vou (vu)
- They - ilhus, ilhas, quests, aquels (ilyush, ilyash, kesh, akesh)
Verbal Morphology
Spelling (pronunciation)
- Infinitive Endings
- ar (ah) like in "comprar" (conpra) meaning "to buy"
- er (ae) like in "ider" (ite) meaning "to eat a meal quickly"
- ir (ee) like in "salir" (sali) meaning "to leave"
- Present Tense
- Conhoscher (conyoshe) - To Know Something Personally
- conhoscheu (conyoshu) - I know
- conhoscha (conyosha) - thou knoweth
- conhosch (conyosh) - he she it knows
- conhoschos (conyoshosh) - we know
- conhoschetz (conyoshet) - you know
- conhoschan (conyoshan) - they know
- Conhoscher (conyoshe) - To Know Something Personally
- Past Tense
- Comprar (conpra) - To Buy
- comprai (conprai) - I bought
- comprast (conpras) - Thou bought
- comprau (conprau) - He she it bought
- compros (conprosh) - We bought
- compristetz (conpristet) - You bought
- compraian (conprayan) - They bought
- comprad (conprat) - bought
- Comprar (conpra) - To Buy
- Ider (ite) - To Eat a Meal Quickly
- Idi (iti) - I ate
- Idist (itis) - Thou ate
- Idhu (ityu) - He she it ate
- Idos (itosh) - We ate
- Idistetz (itistet) - You ate
- Idean (itean) - They ate
- Idid (itit) - Eaten
- Ider (ite) - To Eat a Meal Quickly
- Salir (sali) - To leave
- Sali (sali) - I left
- Salist (salis) - Thou left
- Salhu (salyu) - He she it left
- Salos (salosh) - We left
- Salistetz (salistet) - You left
- Salean (salean) - They left
- Salid (salit) - left
- Salir (sali) - To leave
- Continual Past
- Comprar (conpra) - To Buy
- compraveu (conpravu) - I was buying
- comprava (conprava) - thou were buying
- compraf (conpraf) - he she it was buying
- compravos (conpravosh) - we were buying
- compravetz (conpravet) - you were buying
- compravan (conpravan) - they were buying
- Comprar (conpra) - To Buy
- Ider, Salir
- -eveu/-iveu
- -eva/-iva
- -ef/-if
- -evos/-ivos
- -evetz/-ivetz
- -evan/-ivan
- Ider, Salir
- Passive Past
- Comprar, Ider, Salir
- Salor (salwa) - I'm being left
- Compror (conproa) - I'm being bought ("compror" has a nonregular pronunciation, "salor" is a more common example)
- Salre (salre) - Thou art being left
- Compratur, -etur, -itur (conpratwa, -etwa, -itwa) - He she it is being bought
- Compramur, -emur, -imur (conpramwa, -emwa, -imwa) - We are being bought
- Comprameam, -emeam, -imeam (conpramean, -emean, -imean) - You are being bought
- Comprantur, -entur, -intur (conprantwa, -entwa, -intwa) - They are being bought
- Salor (salwa) - I'm being left
- Comprar, Ider, Salir
- Pluperfect Past
- -avreu/ -evreu/ -ivreu (avru, evru, ivru) - I have bought
- -avra/ -evra/ -ivra (avra, evra, ivra) - Thou hast bought
- -aver/ -ever/ -iver (ave, eve, ive) - He she it has bought
- -avros/ -evros/ -ivros (avrosh, evrosh, ivrosh) - We have bought
- -avretz/ -evretz/ -ivretz (avret, evret, ivret) - They have bought
- Plusquamperfect Past
- -avrai/ -evri/ -ivri - I had bought
- -avrast/ -evrist/ -ivrist - Thou had bought
- -avrau/ -evrhu/ -ivrhu - He she it had bought
- -avros/ -evros/ -ivros - We had bought
- -avristetz/ -evristetz/ -ivristetz - You had bought
- -avraian/ -evrean/ -ivrean - They had bought
- Future
- -areu, ereu, ireu (ashu, eshu, ishu) - I will buy
- -ara, era, ira (asha, esha, isha) - Thou will buy
- -are, ere, ire (ashe, eshe, ishe) - He she it will buy
- -aros, eros, iros (ashosh, eshosh, ishosh) - We will buy
- -aretz, eretz, iretz (ashet, eshet, ishet) - You will buy
- -aran, eran, iran (ashan, eshan, ishan) - They will buy
- Conditional
- To form the conditional you take the future form and add an "i" in front of the endings
- comprareu (conprashu) - I will buy
- comprarieu (conprashiu) - I would/could buy
- Subjunctive
- -e/ a/ a
- -e/ a/ a
- -e/ a/ a
- -eos/ aos/ aos
- -eetz/ aetz/ aetz
- -eng/ ang/ ang
- compre, ida, sala - I may buy
- compre, ida, sala - Thou may buy
- compre, ida, sala - He she it may buy
- compreos, idaos, salaos (conpreosh, itaush, salaush) - We may buy
- compreetz, idaetz, salaetz (conprehet, itaet, salaet) - You may buy
- compreng, idang, salang (conpreng, itang, salang) - They may buy
Nominal Morphology: Gender and Number
Bohisch has two genders: masculine and feminine, and two numbers: single and plural.
Masculine: Most words ending in a consonant or "u" are masculine. Feminine: All words ending in "a" or "e" are feminine.
Nouns, pronouns and adjectives conjugate according to gender and number. This may seem difficult but since most of it isn't pronounced, it will come quickly.
The demonstrative pronouns are usually morphed into the sound of the previous or following word, but when that doesn't occur they are pronounced as an "l". To find this sound, think of the English word "ugly". That "uhh" sound at the beginning is called a schwa. Take the schwa sound and put an "l" after it, like turning "el" (ale) into "el" (uhhl). Then drop off the "uhh" sound, so only the "l" sound remains.
- The person
- La person (l peson)
- The sky
- El ceal (l seal)
- Of the, In the, at the, for the
- Del, Nel, Al, Pel (de, ne, a, pe)
- The bird
- L'af (laf)
- My cat
- Ma cat (ma ca)
- My cats
- Mas cats (ma cash)
- Your son
- Tu fil (tu fil)
- Your sons
- Tus fils (tu fish)
- Our house
- Noastra caz (nwastra cas)
- Our houses
- Noastras cazs (nwastra cash)
- Smart man
- Hom vif (on vif)
- Smart men
- Homs vifs (onsh vivsh)
Here are the pronouns
- my - ma/mas/m'
- thine - tu/tus/t'
- his/her/its - ça/ças/ç'
- our - noastru, noastra, noastrus, noastras
- your - voastru, voastra, voastrus, voastras
- their - ças/c'
Direct Object Pronouns
- me
- tge
- ça, le, lu
- ne
- ve
- lor, les, lus
- I hit you
- Tge pequeu (the peku)
- I did it
- Ca faci (sa fasi)
Prepositional Object Pronouns
- ma, mas
- tu, tus
- ças, les, lus
- noastra, noastras, noastru, noastrus
- voastra, voastras, voastru, voastrus
- ças
Reflexive Verbs/Pronouns
- lavarme
- lavarte
- lavarça
- lavarne
- lavarve
- lavarça
I wash myself - Me laveu You wash yourself - Te lava He washes himself - Lu laf She washes herself - Le laf It washes itself - Ca laf We wash ourself - Ne lavos You wash yourself - Ve lavetz They wash themselves - Lor lavan
Verb Morphology: Irregular Verbs
- Ser - To be
- Present - seu, era, isch, sonos, eretz, san
- Past - ereu, erasta, era, eros, eretz, eran
- Future - sereu, sera, sere, seros, seretz, seran
- Ir - To go
- Present - veu, va, ve, vanos, vetz, van
- Past - feu, fuista, foa, fous, fuetz, fuan
- Future - ireu, ira, ire, iros, iretz, iran
- Tir - to have
- Present - teu, ta, te, tanos, tetz, tan
- Past - tiveu, tiva, tive, tivos, tivetz, tivan
- Future - tireu, tira, tire, tiros, tiretz, tiran
- Zir - to say
- Present - zeu, za, ze, zicos, zetz, zan
- Past - ziveu, ziva, zive, zivos, zivetz, zivan
- Future - zireu, zira, zire, ziros, ziretz, ziran
- Savir - to know about
- Present - seu, sa, se, savos, setz, savan
- Past - saviveu, siviva, savive, savivos, savivetz, savivan
- Future - savireu, savira, savire, saviros, saviretz, saviran
- Schir - to know something
- Present - scheu, scha, sche, schos, schetz, schan
- Past - schiveu, schiva, schive, schivos, schivetz, schivan
- Future - schireu, schira, schire, schiros, schiretz, schiran
- Cnostar - to know someone
- Present - cnoasteu, cnoasta, cnost, cnaostos, cnaostetz, cnostan
- Past - cnostaveu, cnostava, cnostave, cnostavos, cnostavetz, cnostavan
- Future - cnostareu, cnostara, cnostare, cnostaros, cnostaretz, cnostaran
Verbal Morphology: Indicitive Mood Compound Tenses
Ir, intsch - to go, going Fallar, fallantsch - to speak, speaking
Ir, id - to go, gone Fallar, fallaf - to speak, spoken
Present Perfect Indicitive Conjugation
I have gone to Zergattum - Aveu if a Scherhattan. He has spoken to me - Me ave fallaf.
Nominal Morphology: Articles
- Definite Articles
- Masculine - el, els
- Feminine - la, las
- Indefinite Articles
- Masculine/Feminine - an
Adjective Morphology: Gender and Number
- A happy cat - An gata felis (ahn gata feli)
- A happy bird - An ave felis (ahn ave feli)
- A happy man - An om felis (ahn om feli)
- The happy cats - Las gatas felis (La gatash feli)
- The happy birds - Las aves felis (Lavesh feli)
- The happy men - Els oms felis (Ey omsh feli)
- A smart dog - An can vifu (ahn cahn vifu)
- A smart car - An autu vifu (ahn autu vifu)
- A smart tree - An arvor vifu (ahn aavwa vifu)
- The smart dogs - Els cans vifus (ey cahnsh vifush)
- The smart cars - Els autus vifus (ey autush vifush)
- The smart trees - Els arvors vifus (ey aavwash vifush)
Contractions
- Of (de) Contractions
- de + el = del
- de + la = dal
- de + els = dels
- de + las = dals
- To, At (a) Contractions
- a + el = al
- a + la = a la
- a + els = als
- a + las = a las
- In (en) Contractions
- en + el = nel
- en + la = nal
- en + els = nels
- en + las = nals
- For (per) Contractions
- per + el = pel
- per + la = pal
- per + els = pels
- per + las = pals
Pronominative Morphology: Nonpersonal Pronouns
- Who - Qui
- What - Que
- Where - Ou
- When - Quand
- Why - Cur
- How - com
- Here - hac
- There - ive
- Yonder - aquel
Verbal Morphology: Idiomatic Verbs
- With Tir (to have)
- I have to do - tgenheu que (thenyu ke)
- I am sleepy - tgenheu zormir (thenyu zwami)
- I am hungry - tgenheu fam (thenyu fan)
- I am thirsty - tgenheu setsch (thenyu sesh)
- With Facer (to do)
- It is cold - Faz frid (fas frit)
- It is hot - Faz calor (fas kalwa)
- It is sunny - Faz zol (fas zol)
- With Guostar (to like/love)
- I like to go to Zergattum - Me guosteu ir a Zergattum (Me gostu i a Zegatun)
- He likes to speak to me - Lu guost fallarme (lu gos falame)
- With Anschantar (to love to do)
- I love to go to Zergattum - M'anschanteu ir a Zergattum (Manshantu i a Zegatun)
- He would love to talk to me - L'anschantari fallarme (Lanshantashi falame)
Texts
- All men are created equal - Tods homs san crecid iqual (tosh onsh san cresit ikal)
- Live free or die - Viva livru o moarta (viva livru o moarrta)
- Divide and conquer - Zevida et Conquesta (zevita e conkesta)
- Workers of the world, unite! - Lavrors del mond, unida! (lavroash de mon, unita!)
- Can I have some more? - Poadeu tgener aliquu maz (pwatu thene aliku me?)
- We respect the seperation of church and state - Respeschos la seprasshon del'iglez et el stad (hespeshosh l seprasyon del igles e l shtat)
- Nine names of the ninth new newspaper business named a spouse with ninety kids
- Noaf nomvrus noven noaf neguoz de notiz nomvraian an nof con novent nens (nwaf nonvrush noven nwaf negos de notis nonvrayan an nof con noven nensh)
Have fun and enjoy, o com zan en Bohia, tgenha zevertif et guoda!
Lessons
- Lesson 1 - Com Iz? - How Are You?
- Dialogue
Maria: Ave Ian. Ian: Axilhu Maria. Com iz? Maria: Isch bean, grazs. Com iz tgu mem? Ian: Isch bean, grazs. Isch bel adhe. Maria: Ane. (Isavel joins them) Ian, quest isch Isavel. Ian: Alu Isavel. Seu Ian Forgru. Isavel: Alu Ian. Seu Isavel Saguidor. Com stetz? Ian: Isch bean, molts grazs. Com stetz voastra mem? Isavel: Regular, molts grazs. De ou stetz, Ian? Ian: Seu de London. De ou stetz voastra mem, Isavel? Isavel: Seu de Pariz.
- Definitions
Hey, Hello - Ave, Axilhu (ailyu), Alu Com iz? - How art thou? Isch bean - It's well. Grazs - Thank you tgu mem - yourself Isch bel adhe - Its pretty today. Ane - Indeed Quest isch - This is Seu - I am Com stetz? - How are you? Molts grazs - Thanks a lot Voastra mem? - Yourself Regular - Alright, average, so-so De ou stetz? - Where are you from? de - of, from
- Grammar
- Lesson 2 - Ou va? - Where are you going?
